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# frozen_string_literal: false require 'bigdecimal' # #-- # Contents: # sqrt(x, prec) # sin (x, prec) # cos (x, prec) # atan(x, prec) Note: \|x\|<1, x=0.9999 may not converge. # PI (prec) # E (prec) == exp(1.0,prec) # # where: # x ... BigDecimal number to be computed. # \|x\| must be small enough to get convergence. # prec ... Number of digits to be obtained. #++ # # Provides mathematical functions. # # Example: # # require "bigdecimal/math" # # include BigMath # # a = BigDecimal((PI(100)/2).to_s) # puts sin(a,100) # => 0.99999999999999999999......e0 # module BigMath module_function # call-seq: # sqrt(decimal, numeric) -> BigDecimal # # Computes the square root of +decimal+ to the specified number of digits of # precision, +numeric+. # # BigMath.sqrt(BigDecimal('2'), 16).to_s # #=> "0.1414213562373095048801688724e1" # def sqrt(x, prec) x.sqrt(prec) end # call-seq: # sin(decimal, numeric) -> BigDecimal # # Computes the sine of +decimal+ to the specified number of digits of # precision, +numeric+. # # If +decimal+ is Infinity or NaN, returns NaN. # # BigMath.sin(BigMath.PI(5)/4, 5).to_s # #=> "0.70710678118654752440082036563292800375e0" # def sin(x, prec) raise ArgumentError, "Zero or negative precision for sin" if prec <= 0 return BigDecimal("NaN") if x.infinite? \|\| x.nan? n = prec + BigDecimal.double_fig one = BigDecimal("1") two = BigDecimal("2") x = -x if neg = x < 0 if x > (twopi = two * BigMath.PI(prec)) if x > 30 x %= twopi else x -= twopi while x > twopi end end x1 = x x2 = x.mult(x,n) sign = 1 y = x d = y i = one z = one while d.nonzero? && ((m = n - (y.exponent - d.exponent).abs) > 0) m = BigDecimal.double_fig if m < BigDecimal.double_fig sign = -sign x1 = x2.mult(x1,n) i += two z = (i-one) i d = sign * x1.div(z,m) y += d end neg ? -y : y end # call-seq: # cos(decimal, numeric) -> BigDecimal # # Computes the cosine of +decimal+ to the specified number of digits of # precision, +numeric+. # # If +decimal+ is Infinity or NaN, returns NaN. # # BigMath.cos(BigMath.PI(4), 16).to_s # #=> "-0.999999999999999999999999999999856613163740061349e0" # def cos(x, prec) raise ArgumentError, "Zero or negative precision for cos" if prec <= 0 return BigDecimal("NaN") if x.infinite? \|\| x.nan? n = prec + BigDecimal.double_fig one = BigDecimal("1") two = BigDecimal("2") x = -x if x < 0 if x > (twopi = two * BigMath.PI(prec)) if x > 30 x %= twopi else x -= twopi while x > twopi end end x1 = one x2 = x.mult(x,n) sign = 1 y = one d = y i = BigDecimal("0") z = one while d.nonzero? && ((m = n - (y.exponent - d.exponent).abs) > 0) m = BigDecimal.double_fig if m < BigDecimal.double_fig sign = -sign x1 = x2.mult(x1,n) i += two z = (i-one) i d = sign * x1.div(z,m) y += d end y end # call-seq: # atan(decimal, numeric) -> BigDecimal # # Computes the arctangent of +decimal+ to the specified number of digits of # precision, +numeric+. # # If +decimal+ is NaN, returns NaN. # # BigMath.atan(BigDecimal('-1'), 16).to_s # #=> "-0.785398163397448309615660845819878471907514682065e0" # def atan(x, prec) raise ArgumentError, "Zero or negative precision for atan" if prec <= 0 return BigDecimal("NaN") if x.nan? pi = PI(prec) x = -x if neg = x < 0 return pi.div(neg ? -2 : 2, prec) if x.infinite? return pi / (neg ? -4 : 4) if x.round(prec) == 1 x = BigDecimal("1").div(x, prec) if inv = x > 1 x = (-1 + sqrt(1 + x*2, prec))/x if dbl = x > 0.5 n = prec + BigDecimal.double_fig y = x d = y t = x r = BigDecimal("3") x2 = x.mult(x,n) while d.nonzero? && ((m = n - (y.exponent - d.exponent).abs) > 0) m = BigDecimal.double_fig if m < BigDecimal.double_fig t = -t.mult(x2,n) d = t.div(r,m) y += d r += 2 end y = 2 if dbl y = pi / 2 - y if inv y = -y if neg y end # call-seq: # PI(numeric) -> BigDecimal # # Computes the value of pi to the specified number of digits of precision, # +numeric+. # # BigMath.PI(10).to_s # #=> "0.3141592653589793238462643388813853786957412e1" # def PI(prec) raise ArgumentError, "Zero or negative precision for PI" if prec <= 0 n = prec + BigDecimal.double_fig zero = BigDecimal("0") one = BigDecimal("1") two = BigDecimal("2") m25 = BigDecimal("-0.04") m57121 = BigDecimal("-57121") pi = zero d = one k = one t = BigDecimal("-80") while d.nonzero? && ((m = n - (pi.exponent - d.exponent).abs) > 0) m = BigDecimal.double_fig if m < BigDecimal.double_fig t = t*m25 d = t.div(k,m) k = k+two pi = pi + d end d = one k = one t = BigDecimal("956") while d.nonzero? && ((m = n - (pi.exponent - d.exponent).abs) > 0) m = BigDecimal.double_fig if m < BigDecimal.double_fig t = t.div(m57121,n) d = t.div(k,m) pi = pi + d k = k+two end pi end # call-seq: # E(numeric) -> BigDecimal # # Computes e (the base of natural logarithms) to the specified number of # digits of precision, +numeric+. # # BigMath.E(10).to_s # #=> "0.271828182845904523536028752390026306410273e1" # def E(prec) raise ArgumentError, "Zero or negative precision for E" if prec <= 0 BigMath.exp(1, prec) end end